If you’ve ever looked closely at a cannabis flower, you might have noticed tiny, crystal-like structures on the surface. These structures are called trichomes and they play an important role in the production of cannabinoids and terpenes, which are responsible for many of the plant’s effects. In this article, we’ll explore what trichomes are, their different types, and what they do.
What are Trichomes?
Trichomes are small, hair-like structures that grow on the surface of the cannabis plant, including its leaves, stems, and flowers. They are responsible for producing and storing the plant’s cannabinoids, terpenes, and flavonoids. These compounds are secreted from the trichomes and give cannabis its unique aroma, flavor, and effects.
Types of Trichomes
There are three main types of trichomes found on the cannabis plant: glandular, non-glandular, and cystolithic.
Glandular Trichomes
Glandular trichomes are the most well-known and abundant type of trichome on the cannabis plant. They are responsible for producing the majority of the plant’s cannabinoids and terpenes. These trichomes have a bulbous head and a stalk that connects to the plant’s surface. The head contains glandular cells that produce and store the plant’s resinous compounds.
Non-glandular Trichomes
Non-glandular trichomes are smaller and less abundant than glandular trichomes. They are found on the surface of the plant’s leaves and stems and are responsible for protecting the plant from insects and other pests. Unlike glandular trichomes, they do not produce resinous compounds.
Cystolithic Trichomes
Cystolithic trichomes are the least well-known type of trichome on the cannabis plant. They are small and have a stalk that connects to the plant’s surface. The head contains calcium carbonate crystals that help the plant defend against herbivores.
What do Trichomes do?
Trichomes play an important role in the production of cannabinoids and terpenes, which are responsible for many of the plant’s effects. When the plant is mature, the trichomes start to turn cloudy or amber, indicating that they are full of resinous compounds. This is when the plant is harvested for its buds, which are then dried and cured to further develop their aroma and effects.
Trichomes also act as a defense mechanism for the plant. The resinous compounds they produce can deter insects and other pests from eating the plant. In addition, trichomes can protect the plant from UV radiation, which can be harmful to the plant’s DNA.
Conclusion
Trichomes are an important part of the cannabis plant and are responsible for producing many of its unique compounds. By understanding what trichomes are and what they do, we can better appreciate the complexity and beauty of the plant.
